//! `charka-codegen` — emisión de Rust desde el IR del transpilador.
//!
//! Etapa final del pipeline COBOL→Rust: toma el [`Ir`] de `charka-ir`
//! y produce un fuente Rust (un `String`) que, compilado contra
//! `charka-runtime`, ejecuta la lógica del programa COBOL original.
//!
//! La forma del código emitido:
//!
//! - Un `struct Program` con un campo por cada dato elemental — `Num`
//! para los numéricos, `Text` para los alfanuméricos.
//! - `Program::new()` inicializa los campos desde sus cláusulas `VALUE`.
//! - Un método `p_
(&mut self)` por cada párrafo del PROCEDURE.
//! - `run()` los encadena en orden (el «caer» de COBOL); `main()`
//! construye el `Program` y lo corre.
//!
//! Es **tolerante**: lo que no sabe transpilar (un `Stmt::Unknown`, un
//! dato sin resolver, `**`) se emite como un comentario `// charka:` —
//! el código generado siempre compila.
//!
//! Alcance v1 — fuera: grupos como campo propio, `REDEFINES`,
//! `OCCURS`/tablas, `PERFORM ... THRU` como rango, E/S de ficheros,
//! `EVALUATE`, CICS y SQL embebido.
#![forbid(unsafe_code)]
mod emit;
mod expr;
mod stmt;
mod sym;
use std::collections::HashMap;
use charka_ir::{Ir, Procedure};
use emit::Emitter;
use expr::rust_str;
use stmt::emit_stmt;
use sym::{paragraph_method, Field, FieldKind, Symbols};
/// Transpila un [`Ir`] a un fuente Rust completo (un `main.rs`).
pub fn generate(ir: &Ir) -> String {
let sym = Symbols::build(&ir.model);
let mut em = Emitter::new();
emit_header(&mut em);
emit_struct(&mut em, &sym);
emit_impl(&mut em, &sym, ir);
emit_main(&mut em);
em.finish()
}
/// El preámbulo: doc, `allow`s, el `use` del runtime y el helper `dec`.
fn emit_header(em: &mut Emitter) {
em.line("//! Generado por charka — transpilador COBOL → Rust.");
em.line("//! No editar a mano: regenerar desde el fuente COBOL.");
em.blank();
em.line(
"#![allow(dead_code, unused_mut, unused_variables, unused_parens, \
unreachable_code, clippy::all)]",
);
em.blank();
em.line("use charka_runtime::*;");
em.blank();
em.line("/// Construye un `Decimal` desde un literal numérico COBOL.");
em.line("fn dec(s: &str) -> Decimal {");
em.line(" Decimal::parse(s).expect(\"charka: literal numérico inválido\")");
em.line("}");
em.blank();
}
/// El `struct Program` con un campo por dato elemental.
fn emit_struct(em: &mut Emitter, sym: &Symbols) {
em.line("/// El estado del programa: un campo por cada dato elemental.");
em.line("struct Program {");
em.indent();
for f in &sym.fields {
let elem = match f.kind {
FieldKind::Num { .. } => "Num",
FieldKind::Text { .. } => "Text",
};
let ty = match f.occurs {
None => elem.to_string(),
Some(_) => format!("Vec<{elem}>"),
};
em.line(&format!("{}: {ty},", f.ident));
}
em.dedent();
em.line("}");
em.blank();
}
/// El bloque `impl Program`: `new`, los párrafos y `run`.
fn emit_impl(em: &mut Emitter, sym: &Symbols, ir: &Ir) {
em.line("impl Program {");
em.indent();
// new()
em.line("fn new() -> Self {");
em.indent();
em.line("Self {");
em.indent();
for f in &sym.fields {
em.line(&format!("{}: {},", f.ident, field_init(f)));
}
em.dedent();
em.line("}");
em.dedent();
em.line("}");
em.blank();
// Un método por párrafo.
let methods = paragraph_methods(ir);
for (name, proc) in &methods {
em.line(&format!("fn {name}(&mut self) {{"));
em.indent();
for s in &proc.body {
emit_stmt(em, sym, s);
}
em.dedent();
em.line("}");
em.blank();
}
// run() — encadena los párrafos en orden.
em.line("fn run(&mut self) {");
em.indent();
if methods.is_empty() {
em.line("// programa sin PROCEDURE division");
}
for (name, _) in &methods {
em.line(&format!("self.{name}();"));
}
em.dedent();
em.line("}");
em.dedent();
em.line("}");
em.blank();
}
/// El `fn main`.
fn emit_main(em: &mut Emitter) {
em.line("fn main() {");
em.indent();
em.line("Program::new().run();");
em.dedent();
em.line("}");
}
/// El inicializador de un campo, a partir de su `VALUE` ya
/// normalizado por `charka-ir`. Una tabla (`OCCURS n`) se inicializa
/// como un `Vec` de `n` copias del valor inicial.
fn field_init(f: &Field) -> String {
let scalar = match &f.kind {
FieldKind::Num { int, frac, signed } => format!(
"Num::with_value(Picture::new({int}, {frac}, {signed}), {})",
rust_str(&f.init)
),
FieldKind::Text { len } => {
format!("Text::with_value({len}, {})", rust_str(&f.init))
}
};
match f.occurs {
None => scalar,
Some(n) => format!("vec![{scalar}; {n}]"),
}
}
/// Asigna a cada párrafo un nombre de método único.
fn paragraph_methods(ir: &Ir) -> Vec<(String, &Procedure)> {
let mut seen: HashMap = HashMap::new();
let mut out = Vec::new();
for proc in &ir.procedures {
let base = paragraph_method(&proc.name);
let n = seen.entry(base.clone()).or_insert(0);
let name = if *n > 0 { format!("{base}_{n}") } else { base };
*n += 1;
out.push((name, proc));
}
out
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
/// Helper: lexa, parsea, baja a IR y transpila un fuente COBOL.
fn gen(src: &str) -> String {
let toks = charka_lexer::lex(src, charka_lexer::SourceFormat::Free).expect("lex");
let prog = charka_parser::parse(&toks).expect("parse");
let ir = charka_ir::lower(&prog);
generate(&ir)
}
/// Un programa COBOL de demostración, razonablemente completo.
const DEMO: &str = "IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.\n\
PROGRAM-ID. DEMO.\n\
DATA DIVISION.\n\
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.\n\
01 WS-A PIC 9(3) VALUE 10.\n\
01 WS-B PIC 9(3).\n\
01 WS-NAME PIC X(8) VALUE 'BOB'.\n\
PROCEDURE DIVISION.\n\
MAIN-PARA.\n\
MOVE 5 TO WS-B.\n\
COMPUTE WS-B = WS-A + WS-B.\n\
DISPLAY 'B=' WS-B.\n\
IF WS-B > 0 DISPLAY 'POS' END-IF.\n\
PERFORM SUB-PARA.\n\
STOP RUN.\n\
SUB-PARA.\n\
DISPLAY WS-NAME.\n";
#[test]
fn header_and_main_are_emitted() {
let out = gen(DEMO);
assert!(out.contains("use charka_runtime::*;"));
assert!(out.contains("fn dec(s: &str) -> Decimal {"));
assert!(out.contains("fn main() {"));
assert!(out.contains("Program::new().run();"));
}
#[test]
fn numeric_field_becomes_num() {
let out = gen(DEMO);
assert!(out.contains("ws_a: Num,"));
assert!(out.contains("Num::with_value(Picture::new(3, 0, false), \"10\")"));
}
#[test]
fn alphanumeric_field_becomes_text() {
let out = gen(DEMO);
assert!(out.contains("ws_name: Text,"));
assert!(out.contains("Text::with_value(8, \"BOB\")"));
}
#[test]
fn move_emits_a_store() {
assert!(gen(DEMO).contains("self.ws_b.store(dec(\"5\"));"));
}
#[test]
fn compute_emits_the_expression() {
let out = gen(DEMO);
assert!(out.contains("self.ws_b.store((self.ws_a.value()).add(&(self.ws_b.value())));"));
}
#[test]
fn display_emits_a_println() {
let out = gen(DEMO);
assert!(out.contains("println!(\"{}{}\", \"B=\", self.ws_b.display());"));
}
#[test]
fn if_emits_a_rust_if() {
let out = gen(DEMO);
assert!(out.contains("if (self.ws_b.value()) > (dec(\"0\")) {"));
}
#[test]
fn paragraphs_become_methods_and_run_chains_them() {
let out = gen(DEMO);
assert!(out.contains("fn p_main_para(&mut self) {"));
assert!(out.contains("fn p_sub_para(&mut self) {"));
assert!(out.contains("fn run(&mut self) {"));
assert!(out.contains("self.p_main_para();"));
assert!(out.contains("self.p_sub_para();"));
}
#[test]
fn perform_calls_the_paragraph_method() {
assert!(gen(DEMO).contains("self.p_sub_para();"));
}
#[test]
fn stop_run_exits() {
assert!(gen(DEMO).contains("std::process::exit(0);"));
}
#[test]
fn unknown_verb_becomes_a_comment() {
let out = gen("PROCEDURE DIVISION.\n\
MAIN.\n\
INITIALIZE WS-X.\n");
assert!(out.contains("// charka: verbo no transpilado — INITIALIZE"));
}
#[test]
fn add_giving_emits_a_sum() {
let out = gen("DATA DIVISION.\n\
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.\n\
01 A PIC 9(3).\n\
01 B PIC 9(3).\n\
01 C PIC 9(3).\n\
PROCEDURE DIVISION.\n\
MAIN.\n\
ADD A B GIVING C.\n");
assert!(out.contains("self.c.store((self.a.value()).add(&(self.b.value())));"));
}
#[test]
fn perform_times_emits_a_loop() {
let out = gen("PROCEDURE DIVISION.\n\
MAIN.\n\
PERFORM SUB 3 TIMES.\n\
SUB.\n\
CONTINUE.\n");
assert!(out.contains("for _ in 0..3usize {"));
}
#[test]
fn perform_varying_emits_init_loop_and_increment() {
let out = gen("DATA DIVISION.\n\
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.\n\
01 WS-I PIC 9(2).\n\
01 WS-N PIC 9(3).\n\
PROCEDURE DIVISION.\n\
MAIN.\n\
PERFORM VARYING WS-I FROM 1 BY 1 UNTIL WS-I > 5\n\
ADD 1 TO WS-N\n\
END-PERFORM.\n");
assert!(out.contains("self.ws_i.store(dec(\"1\"));"));
assert!(out.contains("while !((self.ws_i.value()) > (dec(\"5\"))) {"));
assert!(out.contains("self.ws_i.store(self.ws_i.value().add(&(dec(\"1\"))));"));
}
#[test]
fn evaluate_emits_an_if_else_chain() {
let out = gen("DATA DIVISION.\n\
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.\n\
01 WS-X PIC 9(1).\n\
PROCEDURE DIVISION.\n\
MAIN.\n\
EVALUATE WS-X\n\
WHEN 1 DISPLAY 'UNO'\n\
WHEN OTHER DISPLAY 'OTRO'\n\
END-EVALUATE.\n");
assert!(out.contains("if ((self.ws_x.value()) == (dec(\"1\"))) {"));
assert!(out.contains("} else {"));
}
#[test]
fn level_88_condition_resolves_to_a_comparison() {
let out = gen("DATA DIVISION.\n\
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.\n\
01 WS-FLAG PIC X VALUE 'N'.\n\
88 ES-SI VALUE 'Y'.\n\
PROCEDURE DIVISION.\n\
MAIN.\n\
IF ES-SI DISPLAY 'SI' END-IF.\n");
// ES-SI equivale a `WS-FLAG = 'Y'` (comparación de texto).
assert!(out.contains("cobol_text_cmp(self.ws_flag.display().as_str(), \"Y\").is_eq()"));
}
#[test]
fn occurs_emits_a_vec_field_and_indexed_access() {
let out = gen("DATA DIVISION.\n\
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.\n\
01 WS-T.\n\
05 WS-E PIC 9(3) OCCURS 4 TIMES.\n\
01 WS-I PIC 9(1).\n\
PROCEDURE DIVISION.\n\
MAIN.\n\
MOVE 7 TO WS-E(WS-I).\n");
assert!(out.contains("ws_e: Vec,"));
assert!(out.contains("; 4]"));
assert!(out.contains("self.ws_e["));
assert!(out.contains(".saturating_sub(1)]"));
}
#[test]
fn string_concatenates_and_unstring_splits() {
let out = gen("DATA DIVISION.\n\
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.\n\
01 WS-A PIC X(4).\n\
01 WS-B PIC X(4).\n\
01 WS-OUT PIC X(10).\n\
01 WS-SRC PIC X(10).\n\
PROCEDURE DIVISION.\n\
MAIN.\n\
STRING WS-A WS-B DELIMITED BY SIZE INTO WS-OUT END-STRING.\n\
UNSTRING WS-SRC DELIMITED BY ',' INTO WS-A WS-B END-UNSTRING.\n");
assert!(out.contains("self.ws_out.store(&format!("));
assert!(out.contains("__src.split(__delim.as_str())"));
assert!(out.contains("__it.next().unwrap_or(\"\")"));
}
#[test]
fn inspect_emits_tally_and_replace() {
let out = gen("DATA DIVISION.\n\
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.\n\
01 WS-T PIC X(10).\n\
01 WS-N PIC 9(3).\n\
PROCEDURE DIVISION.\n\
MAIN.\n\
INSPECT WS-T TALLYING WS-N FOR ALL 'X'.\n\
INSPECT WS-T REPLACING ALL 'X' BY 'Y'.\n");
assert!(out.contains(".matches("));
assert!(out.contains("Decimal::from_integer(__n)"));
assert!(out.contains(".replace("));
}
#[test]
fn empty_program_still_compiles_shape() {
let out = gen("");
assert!(out.contains("struct Program {"));
assert!(out.contains("fn main() {"));
assert!(out.contains("fn run(&mut self) {"));
}
}